hypertension & blood pressure and chest pain

Classification of hypertension :

Category: Blood Pressure:                          mm Hg:

Normal                                                SBP 90-119 and 60-79
Prehypertension SBP 120-139 or DBP 80-89
Stage 1 HTN SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-99
Stage 2 HTN SBP ≥160 or DBP ≥100
DBP = diastolic blood pressure;         SBP = systolic blood pressure



Causes of high blood pressure :

• Smoking
• Being overweight or obese
• Lack of physical activity
• Too much salt in the diet
• Too much alcohol consumption (more than 1 to 2 drinks per day)
• Stress
• Older age
• Genetics
• Family history of high blood pressure
• Chronic kidney disease
• Adrenal and thyroid disorders


Causes of hypertension:

 Smoking
 Obesity or being overweight
 Diabetes
 Sedentary lifestyle
 Lack of physical activity
 Insufficient calcium, potassium, and magnesium consumption
 Vitamin D deficiency
 High levels of alcohol consumption
 Stress
 Aging
 Medicines such as birth control pills
 Chronic kidney disease
 Adrenal and thyroid problems or tumors.


symptoms of hypertension:

 Breathing problems
 Irregular heartbeat
 Blood in the urine.
 Severe headaches
 Fatigue or confusion
 Dizziness
 Nausea
 Problems with vision
 Chest pains

Management of complication of HTN:

1. I Use non-pharmacological measures in all hypertensive and borderline hypertensive people.

2. I In people with diabetes mellitus, initiate antihypertensive drug therapy if systolic BP is sustained >140 mm Hg or diastolic BP is sustained >90 mm Hg

3. I Initiate antihypertensive drug therapy in people with sustained systolic blood pressures (BP) >160 mm Hg or sustained diastolic BP >100 mm Hg.

4. I In non-diabetic hypertensive people, optimal BP treatment targets are: systolic BP ,140 mm Hg and diastolic BP ,85 mm Hg. The minimum acceptable level of control (Audit Standard) recommended is ,150/,90 mm Hg. Despite best practice, these levels will be dif- ficult to achieve in some hypertensive people.

5. Other drugs that reduce cardiovascular risk must also be considered.

6. Specific advice is given on the management of hypertension in specific patient groups, ie, the elderly, ethnic subgroups, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease and in women (pregnancy, oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy).

7. Suggestions for the implementation and audit of these guidelines in primary care are provided.

[note: to know more about this disease you can live chat with our doctor and leave a message] 

Treatment of  chest pain:

a. Heart attack
b. Angina pectoris
c. Chronic bronchitis
d. Pneumonia

e. High blood pressure
f. Lung cancer
g. Abnormal heart rhythms
h. Hypertensive heart disease
i. Tuberculosis



Type of heart failure:
a. Left-sided heart failure: Fluid may back up in your lungs, causing shortness of breath.
b. Right-sided heart failure: Fluid may back up into your abdomen, legs and feet, causing swelling.
c. Systolic heart failure: The left ventricle can't contract vigorously, indicating a pumping problem.
d. Diastolic heart failure
(also called heart failure with preserved ejection fraction) : The left ventricle can't relax or fill fully, indicating a filling problem.


Causes :

1. Coronary artery disease and heart attack.
2. High blood pressure (hypertension)
3. Faulty heart valves.
4. Damage to the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy).
5. Myocarditis
6. Heart defects you're born with (congenital heart defects).
7. Abnormal heart rhythms (heart arrhythmias).
8. Other diseases.





Classification of hypertension :



Category: Blood Pressure:                          mm Hg:

Normal                                                SBP 90-119 and 60-79
Prehypertension SBP 120-139 or DBP 80-89
Stage 1 HTN SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-99
Stage 2 HTN SBP ≥160 or DBP ≥100
DBP = diastolic blood pressure;           SBP = systolic blood pressure



Causes of high blood pressure :

• Smoking
• Being overweight or obese
• Lack of physical activity
• Too much salt in the diet
• Too much alcohol consumption (more than 1 to 2 drinks per day)
• Stress
• Older age
• Genetics
• Family history of high blood pressure
• Chronic kidney disease
• Adrenal and thyroid disorders


Causes of hypertension:

 Smoking
 Obesity or being overweight
 Diabetes
 Sedentary lifestyle
 Lack of physical activity
 Insufficient calcium, potassium, and magnesium consumption
 Vitamin D deficiency
 High levels of alcohol consumption
 Stress
 Aging
 Medicines such as birth control pills
 Chronic kidney disease
 Adrenal and thyroid problems or tumors.


symptoms of hypertension:

 Breathing problems
 Irregular heartbeat
 Blood in the urine.
 Severe headaches
 Fatigue or confusion
 Dizziness
 Nausea
 Problems with vision
 Chest pains

Management of complication of HTN

1. I Use non-pharmacological measures in all hypertensive and borderline hypertensive people.

2. I In people with diabetes mellitus, initiate antihypertensive drug therapy if systolic BP is sustained >140 mm Hg or diastolic BP is sustained >90 mm Hg

3. I Initiate antihypertensive drug therapy in people with sustained systolic blood pressures (BP) >160 mm Hg or sustained diastolic BP >100 mm Hg.

4. I In non-diabetic hypertensive people, optimal BP treatment targets are: systolic BP ,140 mm Hg and diastolic BP ,85 mm Hg. The minimum acceptable level of control (Audit Standard) recommended is ,150/,90 mm Hg. Despite best practice, these levels will be dif- ficult to achieve in some hypertensive people.

5. Other drugs that reduce cardiovascular risk must also be considered.

6. Specific advice is given on the management of hypertension in specific patient groups, ie, the elderly, ethnic subgroups, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease and in women (pregnancy, oral contraceptive use and hormone replacement therapy).

7. Suggestions for the implementation and audit of these guidelines in primary care are provided.

[note: to know more about this disease you can live chat with our doctor and leave a message]